Q20 - Ann will either take a leave

[kimhyungjoon]

Step 1
Reading the question stem reveals that this is most like a justify a conclusion question, which means there will be an argument in the stimulus with a gaping hole that will be filled sufficiently by the correct answer choice.

Step 2
Reading the stimulus reveals shows the following argument:
P1: Ann either takes a leave or quits, depending on a fellowship offer
P2: If and only if Technocomp doesn't find out about her fellowship offer, they will let Ann take a leave
P2a: P2 is a biconditional statement, so if Technocomp does find out about the fellowship, they won't let Ann take a leave; the inference here based on P1 is that Ann will thus quit in this situation
C: If Ann quits then Technocomp must have found out about the fellowship offer

Step 3
The missing sufficient assumption in the argument should be constituted of elements between the premises and the conclusion that do not overlap. Technocomp letting Ann take a leave and Ann taking a leave are the two missing elements.

Step 4
[D] is the only answer choice containing both missing element.

To make sense of the answer choice retrospectively, we must untangle the entire orgy of conditional statements in the stimulus:
1. Fellowship offer not given --> neither takes leave or quits
2. Takes leave --> Doesn't quit
3. Takes leave --> Fellowship offer given
4. Quits --> Doesn't take leave
5. Quits --> Fellowship offer given
6. Quits --> Technocomp found out about fellowship offer
7. Technocomp doesn't find out about fellowship offer --> Allowed to take leave
8. Technocomp does find out about fellowship offer --> Not allowed to take leave
Of these, the most significant is what happens when Technocomp finds out or doesn't find out about Ann's fellowship. This is because we should always solve these conditional problems from the conclusion.
The contrapositive of statement #6, the conclusion, is that if Technocomp doesn't find out, Ann doesn't quit. From that we can further infer that she will instead take a leave. However, this inference overlaps with statement #7, hence Technocomp's not finding out about the fellowship has two necessary conditions of Ann being allowed to take a leave AND as we just inferred Ann actually taking a leave. This means we should connect the two, and answer choice [D] is the only answer that does that.

Lessons:
1. When the stimulus is loaded with conditional statements, approach mechanistically by:
a. making sure which of the elements between the premises and conclusion do not match, and
b. breaking down the conclusion using contrapositives and inferences

[WendyQ765]

The gap is how can quit job trigger that company has found out Ann has been offered the fellowship?
quit → find out.

We have already known that
/find out →Allow.
And
leave of absence → /quit.
Answer choice D is Allow →Leave of absence.
So connect the conditional relationship we can get
/ find out → Allow→Leave of absence→/quit,
so /find out →/quite.
So, quit → find out.
D is correct.