PrepTest 74- Section 4, Question 2

[poojamakker555]

I don't understand this problem.

This is what I have so far as far as diagramming

CR -----> E

Fish with teeth specialized for scraping algae occur in both Flower Lake and Blue Lake. Some biologists argue that such specialized characteristics are rare, fish species that have the should be expected to be closely related. If they are closely related, then the algae- scraping specialization evolved only once. But genetics tests show that the two algae-scraping species, although possibly related, are not closely related. Thus, the algae-scraping speciation evolved more than once.

The reasoning is flawed in that is:

a) Infers a cause merely from a correlation
b) Infers that just because the evidence for a particular claim has not yet been confirmed, that claim is false
c) Takes a sufficient condition as a necessary one
d) Infers merely because something was likely to occur that it did occur
e) Appeals to the authority of biologists who may not be representative of all biologists with expertise in the relevant area.

[tommywallach]

Hey Pooja,

This post would actually need to be placed in the forum for pt74, not in general questions. Please repost there. Thanks!

-t