Sentence correction

[750plus]

Team,

Please confirm.

Is 'they' really ambiguous in options B and E. If I think logically, it makes sense.

Also, please if you can help me in explaining the error(s) in option E.

Warm Regards
Rajat Gugnani

[tim]

No ambiguity at all. You know just as well as I do who "they" are. The problem instead is that B and E don't have that noun in the sentence.

[tim]

BTW for future reference here is my quick 15-second approach to pronouns on the GMAT:
1) Locate the pronoun.
2) Decide what the pronoun is supposed to refer to (this is the antecedent). This will ALWAYS be 100% clear; if you think you can't tell what the pronoun is referring to, you are either fooling yourself (which I find to be true in 99+% of cases) or you need to work on your basic reading comprehension skills.
3) Find the antecedent somewhere in the sentence.
4) If the antecedent is not there, the answer choice is wrong; if it is there, leave the answer choice in play.

[750plus]

No ambiguity at all. You know just as well as I do who "they" are. The problem instead is that B and E don't have that noun in the sentence.

Isn't ' they ' referring to the computer models ?

If we read the correct sentence it says that it is the computer models that predict with the help of a model.

Please confirm.

Regards

[750plus]

BTW for future reference here is my quick 15-second approach to pronouns on the GMAT:
1) Locate the pronoun.
2) Decide what the pronoun is supposed to refer to (this is the antecedent). This will ALWAYS be 100% clear; if you think you can't tell what the pronoun is referring to, you are either fooling yourself (which I find to be true in 99+% of cases) or you need to work on your basic reading comprehension skills.
3) Find the antecedent somewhere in the sentence.
4) If the antecedent is not there, the answer choice is wrong; if it is there, leave the answer choice in play.

Thanks for this, I do the same !

[tim]

Isn't ' they ' referring to the computer models ?

Absolutely not. By this logic you're telling me that computer models use computer models to make predictions!

Try again. Use common sense this time, because you KNOW this: WHO uses computer models to make predictions? I'll give you a hint - it's not computer models.

[750plus]

Isn't ' they ' referring to the computer models ?

Absolutely not. By this logic you're telling me that computer models use computer models to make predictions!

Try again. Use common sense this time, because you KNOW this: WHO uses computer models to make predictions? I'll give you a hint - it's not computer models.

*Oops*

I got it, thanks !

Regards
Rajat Gugnani

[tim]

Glad to hear it! Let us know if you have any further questions.

[PawanG236]

Dear Madam/Sir,
I thought "C" is wrong because subject is completely different here.

A. The global-warming effect of ocean white caps
C. The effect of ocean white caps on global warming

Please help me to understand, whether they are same subject or different subjects.

In Sentence Correction, I am using Logical Predication approach. i.e. Predicate should work on Subject. If subject is different in answer choices, I cross them off. Is this approach correct or wrong ?

Thanks in advance.

[RonPurewal]

Dear Madam/Sir,
I thought "C" is wrong because subject is completely different here.

A. The global-warming effect of ocean white caps
C. The effect of ocean white caps on global warming

Please help me to understand, whether they are same subject or different subjects.

well, if you read these literally, they say different things.

'the global-warming effect of white caps'
--> this phrase implies that the white caps have a 'global-warming effect'—in other words, that the white caps themselves cause global warming.
this doesn't make sense.

'effect of ocean white caps on global warming'
--> this phrase implies that the white caps have an effect on global warming (but are not the original cause of it). this is much more logical.

[RonPurewal]

In Sentence Correction, I am using Logical Predication approach. i.e. Predicate should work on Subject. If subject is different in answer choices, I cross them off. Is this approach correct or wrong ?

i have no idea what this means.

but, if it leads you to eliminate the correct answer, it is clearly invalid.

[PawanG236]

Thank You Ron.


Before, I was thinking that subject in question stem and in correct answer choice must be same, But I got it now. If Subject does not make logical sense, then correct answer will have different subject.

Thanks and Regards,

[RonPurewal]

you're welcome.

[sri balaji143]

Ron,

Thank you for the great explanations.

Although I selected the correct answer, I had tough time eliminating D. Mainly I want to ask when is the construction 'That XXXXXXXX' correct? If the sentence were written in this way-That ocean white caps have an effect on global warming is one of the many aspects of the ocean environment that have not yet been incorporated in any detail into the computer models that are used to predict-then would it be correct?

Thanks in advance.

(PS You are celeb in India, we make flashcards and notes on every word you write....A superbig thank you for all the learnings you give us )

[RonPurewal]

"That xxxx happens" refers to THE FACT that something happens -- not to the thing itself.
e.g.,
That you arrived on time surprised everyone. (THE FACT that you arrived on time surprised everyone.)

here, that makes no sense, because the sentence is talking about a phenomenon that can be included in a scientific model.
• THE FACT that whitecaps affect global warming is not a phenomenon that can be put into a model.
• THAT ACTUAL EFFECT, on the other hand, IS a phenomenon that can be put into a model.

so, no, the sentence can't work with that substitution.